Direct And Indirect Speech #Bahasa Inggris

No. Direct Speech Indirect Speech
1 Simple Present Tense Simple Past Tense
Linda said: “I buy my dictionary at the book shop”. Linda said that she bought her dictionary at the book shop.
2 Present Continuous Tense Past Continuous
She said: “I doing my English homework”. She said that she was doing her English homework.
3 Present Perfect Past Perfect Tense
John said: “I have finished doing my reports”. John said that he had finished doing his reports.
4 Present Perfect Continuous Tense Past Perfect Continuous Tense
He said: “We have been living here for three years”. He said that they had been living there for three years.
5 Future Tense Past Future Tense
Laila said: “We will leave for Singapore”. Laila said that they would leave for Singapore.
6 Past Continuous Past Perfect Continuous Tense
He said: “I was reading an English novels”. He said that he had been reading English novels.
No. Direct Indirect
1 Today That day
Father said: “I’ll be very busy today”. Father said that he would be very busy that day.
2 Yesterday The day before
He said: “I came to your house yesterday”. He said that he had come to my house the day before.
3 Tomorrow The following day / the next day
He promised: “I will return your books tomorrow”. He promised that he would return my books the next day.
4 Next week The following week
They said: “We will go to your house next week”. They said that they would come to my house the following week.
5 Next year The following year
She said: “I am going to America next year”. She said that she was going to America the following year.
6 Last week The previous week
He said to me: “I bought this dictionary last week”. He told me that he had bought that dictionary the previous week.
7 Last month The previous month
John said: “My father came back from Japan last month”. John said that his father had come back from Japan the previous month.
8 The day before yesterday Two days before
She said: “I sent my application letter the day before yesterday”. She said that she had sent her application letter two days before.


DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH

Direct Speech - Indirect Speech
Simple present - menjadi - Simple past

He said ” The woman comes “ He said that the woman came
Dari contoh di atas dapat disimpulkan perubahan untuk bentuk waktu dari reported speech sebagai berikut :
Direct Speech - Indirect Speech
He said, “The sun rises in the east” - He said that the sun rises in the east
He said that he would go there,
Agus said, “This is my pen”. - Agus said that this was his pen
(ketika berbicara pena berada di tangan pembicara)

1) Bila reported speech kalimat berita

Reporting verb - Reported speech
Present tense - Any tense (bentuk waktu apapun)
Direct : She says to her friend, ” I have been writing “.
Indirect : She says to her friend that he has been writing. (tidak berubah)
Direct : She has told you, ” I am reading “.
Indirect : She has told you that he is reading. (tidak berubah)
Direct : She will say, ” You have done wrongly “.
Indirect : She will tell you that you have done wrongly. (tidak berubah)
Direct : She will say,” The boy wasn’t lazy “.
Indirect : She will tell them that the boy wasn’t lazy. (tidak berubah)

2) Bila reported speech merupakan kalimat tanya
Direct
He said to me, “Where are you going?”
He said to me, “What are you doing?” Indirect
He asked me where I was going
He inquired of me what I was doing

Direct
He said to me, “Are you going
away today?”
He asked me , “can you come along?” Indirect
He asked me whether I was
going away that day.
He asked me if I could come along.

3) Kalimat perintah (imperative sentences)
 Command :
Direct: He said to his servant, “Go away at once!”
Indirect:He ordered his servant to go away at once
b) Precept :
Direct: She said to her son, “Study hard!”
Indirect: He advised her son to study hard
c) Request :
Direct: He said to his friend, “Please lend me your pen!”
Indirect: He asked his friend to be kind enough to lend him his pencil
d) Entreaty :
Direct: He said to his master, “Pardon me, sir”
Indirect: He begged his master to pardon him.
e) Prohibition :
Direct: She said to her daughter, “Don’t go there”
Indirect: She forbade her daughter to go there
Direct: She said to her daughter, “Don’t go there”
Indirect: She asked herdaughter not to go there.

4) Kalimat seru (exclamatory sentences)

a) Exclamatory sentences
Direct: He said, “Hurrah! My old friend has come”
Indirect: He exclaimed with joy that his old friend had come.
b) Optative sentences (kalimat yang menyatakan harapan, pujian, dsb)
Direct: He said, “God bless you, my dear son “
Indirect: He prayed that God would bless his dear son

contoh lain :

      1.      D : She says to her friend, “ I have been reading “

      I   : She says to her friend that he has been reading

      2.      D : He will say, “ The girl wasn’t ugly “

      I   : He will tell them that the girl wasn’t ugly

      3.      D : Reza said, “ I’m very sleepy “

      I  : Reza said that he was very sleepy

      4.      D : He has told you, “ I am writing “

      I  : He has told you that he is writing

      5.      D : Mother said to her son, “ study hard “

      I  : Mothe advised her son to study hard

      6.      D : My friend said to me, “ I don’t like football “

      I   : My friend said to me that he didn’t like football   

      7.      D : She said, “ I didn’t go to campus

      I : She said that she hadn’t gone to campus this morning

      8.      D : Rikza says, “ I have seen that movies “

      I : Rikza says that she has seen that movies

      9.      D : Mother asked her, “ Don’t go there alone “

      I : Mother asked her not to go there alone

      10.  D : Father asked robi, “ Don’t smoke too much “

      I  : Father asked robi not to smoke too much